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Experimental Study of the Effects of Nickel/Water-Glycerol Nanofluid Concentration and Inclination Angle on the Performance of a Pulsating Heat Pipe
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Farzad Lotfi-zadeh1   , Ashkan Ghafouri *2 |
1- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ahv.C., Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
2- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ahv.C., Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran , ashkan.ghafouri@iau.ac.ir |
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Abstract: (8 Views) |
Pulsating heat pipes (PHPs) are highly efficient two-phase heat transfer devices with extensive applications in electronics cooling, solar water heaters, and heat recovery systems. This study experimentally investigates the effects of nickel/water-glycerol (75%-25% by volume) nanofluid on the thermal performance of a three-turn pulsating heat pipe. The PHP was charged with the nanofluid at three volume concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 2%, with a filling ratio of 50%, and thermal resistance was measured at various heat inputs. Additionally, the influence of inclination angle (30°, 60°, and 90°) on PHP performance was examined using distilled water and the optimal nanofluid concentration. Results demonstrated that the nickel nanofluid reduces thermal resistance by up to 30% compared to water. Among the tested concentrations, 1% volume fraction was identified as optimal, at which thermal conductivity and viscosity increased by 7% and 6%, respectively. Increasing the inclination angle improves performance, with the vertical orientation (90°) yielding the best results. Reducing the angle to 30° accelerates dry-out at lower heat inputs. Overall, the nickel/water-glycerol nanofluid at 1% concentration in vertical orientation provides the most significant performance enhancement. |
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| Keywords: Pulsating heat pipe, Nickel nanofluid, Thermal resistance, Nanoparticle concentration, Inclination angle |
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Full-Text [PDF 1058 kb]
(3 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Heat and Mass Transfer
Received: 2026/06/21 | Accepted: 2026/08/18 | Published: 2026/09/1
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